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Algebraic operations / LESSON 02

Read and combine polynomial structure · CLEP College Algebra

10 min + practice · Original foundation lesson

A polynomial organizes terms by powers of its variable. Coefficients, degree and evaluation describe different aspects of that structure and should not be confused.

A reliable method

Distribute products systematically and group terms with equal exponents. To evaluate a polynomial, substitute with parentheses and calculate powers before multiplying coefficients.

The common trap

A minus sign before parentheses changes every term inside. Missing one sign can change a constant, a coefficient and the resulting roots.

Check and transfer

The remainder when dividing a polynomial by x − a is its value at a. This allows a numerical remainder check without carrying out a full long division.

Worked comparison: identify the structure

Expand (x+2)(x+5)=x²+7x+10. The x coefficient comes from 5x and 2x; ten is the constant. A request for the coefficient of x is not a request to evaluate the expression at x=1.

Transfer and explain

For P(x)=x²−3x+5, the remainder after division by x−2 is P(2)=4−6+5=3. Evaluating at −2 would answer the different divisor x+2.

WORKED EXAMPLE

In the expansion of (x + 4)(x + 3), what is the coefficient of x?

  1. The x terms come from the two cross products.
  2. Add their coefficients while keeping the x² and constant terms separate.
  3. The requested value is 7. Substitute or reverse the operation to check this result.
Answer: 7
Compare the other answer choices
1

Report the leading coefficient of x squared.

3

Keep only the second cross term.

4

Keep only the first cross term.

Try it, then explain it.

Complete a short set without looking at the example. After each answer, explain which operation preserved the relationship and why the result makes sense.

Practice this skill

Sources & authorship

Original Slope explanations and examples. References support the concepts; they are not the source of copied questions. Independent educator review is pending.

CLEP College Algebra exam overviewSiyavula Grade 10 foundation reference